ORP implies Oxidation-Reduction Potential and
is a term
that is frequently
used in the
water treatment &
food processing industry. ORP
can be defined
as - ‘a measurement that
indicates the degree
to which a
substance is capable
of oxidizing or
reducing another substance.’ The oxidation - reduction potential
of water ranges
from -2,000 to
+2,000 and the
unit of measurement
is ‘mV’ (millivolts). It is measured
using an ORP meter.
Measuring ORP is
extensively used to
assess the quality
of water. An ORP
sensor or ORP
meter works by
measuring the dissolved
oxygen. More contaminants in
the water lead
to less dissolved
oxygen because the
organics consume oxygen, which
results in a
lower ORP level. If
the water has
a higher ORP
level, the greater the
ability of water
to destroy foreign
contaminants like microbes, or
carbon based contaminants. The table
below identifies ORP
levels of water
for different applications:
ORP Level (mv)
|
Application
|
0
– 150
|
No practical
use
|
150
– 250
|
Aquaculture
|
250
– 350
|
Cooling towers
|
400
– 475
|
Swimming pools
|
450
– 600
|
Hot tubs
|
600
|
Water disinfection
|
800
|
Water sterilization
|
ORP meters include an ORP
electrode and a reference electrode. The
ORP electrode
is designed such
that it either
gives up electrons
to an oxidant
or accepts electrons
from a reductant. These chemical reactions
will continue until
the electrode develops
a potential, caused up by the buildup
of charge, which is
equal to the
ORP of the solution.
The reference electrode
is encased in
a stable gel
that gives it
a stable environment. The measurement
is referenced from
the voltage of
each electrode, and it
can be a
positive or negative.
An ORP
meter can be
used to measure
the water quality
of a water
body. The measurement needs
to be taken
over time to identify
patterns or normal
range of ORP
for this water
body. Whenever there is
an alteration, then
it can be
easily known. Similarly, an
ORP meter can
also be used
to measure the
effectiveness of swimming
pool sanitizer, which
is usually chlorine. ORP
monitoring is additionally used
in the waste
water treatment process, and
can measure the
performance of the
treatment plant.
No comments:
Post a Comment